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A Journey Through Oviedo’s Medieval Past: Top Sites to Visit

Hanna Smith

Writer & Blogger

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Oviedo, the capital of Asturias, is a city steeped in history, with its roots tracing back to the early medieval period. As the former capital of the Kingdom of Asturias, Oviedo played a pivotal role in the history of Spain, particularly during the Reconquista. Today, the city offers visitors a chance to step back in time and explore its rich medieval heritage through its well-preserved architecture, ancient churches, and historic landmarks. Here’s a guide to the top medieval sites in Oviedo that you won’t want to miss.

Oviedo
Oviedo
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The Cathedral of San Salvador

At the heart of Oviedo’s medieval past stands the Cathedral of San Salvador (Catedral de San Salvador), an impressive Gothic structure that dates back to the 14th century, with elements from earlier Romanesque and pre-Romanesque periods. Known as the «Sancta Ovetensis» for its collection of holy relics, the cathedral is a masterpiece of medieval architecture and a symbol of the city’s religious and cultural significance.

The cathedral’s highlight is the Cámara Santa (Holy Chamber), a UNESCO World Heritage Site that houses some of the most important religious relics in Spain, including the Holy Shroud of Oviedo (a cloth believed to have covered the face of Christ) and the Cross of the Angels (Cruz de los Ángeles), the symbol of the city. The cathedral’s cloister, chapels, and impressive bell tower are also worth exploring, offering a glimpse into the spiritual heart of medieval Oviedo.

San Julián de los Prados

Another must-visit site in Oviedo is the Church of San Julián de los Prados, also known as Santullano. This pre-Romanesque church, built between 812 and 842 during the reign of King Alfonso II, is one of the largest and best-preserved examples of Asturian pre-Romanesque architecture in Spain. The church is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is an exceptional example of the unique architectural style that developed in the Kingdom of Asturias.

San Julián de los Prados is renowned for its well-preserved frescoes, which cover the walls and ceilings with intricate geometric patterns and Christian symbols. These frescoes provide a rare glimpse into the artistic traditions of the early medieval period, and their vibrant colors and detailed designs are a testament to the skill of the artists who created them. The church’s simple yet elegant design, with its horseshoe arches and solid stone construction, reflects the austere beauty of early Christian architecture in Asturias.

San Miguel de Lillo and Santa María del Naranco

Situated on the slopes of Monte Naranco, just a short drive from the city center, are two of Oviedo’s most iconic medieval sites: San Miguel de Lillo and Santa María del Naranco. These pre-Romanesque churches were commissioned by King Ramiro I in the 9th century and are also part of the UNESCO World Heritage list.

Santa María del Naranco was originally built as a royal palace but was later converted into a church. The structure’s elegant design, with its open loggias, intricate carvings, and harmonious proportions, is a stunning example of early medieval architecture. The nearby San Miguel de Lillo was originally part of a larger complex but now stands as a small, yet beautifully preserved, church with intricate stone carvings and a serene atmosphere. Both sites offer breathtaking views of Oviedo and the surrounding countryside, making them a perfect destination for history enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.

The Old Town (Casco Antiguo)

Oviedo’s Casco Antiguo (Old Town) is a treasure trove of medieval architecture, with its narrow, cobbled streets, historic buildings, and charming squares. As you wander through the Old Town, you’ll discover a wealth of architectural gems that reflect the city’s rich history, from medieval times to the present day.

One of the highlights of the Casco Antiguo is the Plaza de la Constitución, where you’ll find the Ayuntamiento (Town Hall) and the Church of San Isidoro el Real, a Baroque gem with medieval roots. Nearby, the Plaza del Fontán is a picturesque square that dates back to medieval times and is home to a bustling market. The Old Town is also filled with quaint shops, traditional taverns, and cultural institutions, making it a delightful area to explore on foot.

La Foncalada

One of the most unique medieval sites in Oviedo is La Foncalada, an ancient fountain that dates back to the 9th century and is the only surviving example of a civil engineering work from the High Middle Ages in Spain. La Foncalada was built during the reign of King Alfonso III and served as a public drinking fountain, supplied by an underground spring. The structure is made of stone and features an inscription in Latin, as well as a carved cross, symbolizing its religious significance.

La Foncalada is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site and provides a fascinating insight into the everyday life and infrastructure of medieval Oviedo. The fountain is located near the city center, making it easy to visit as part of a walking tour of the city’s medieval landmarks.

Tips for Exploring Oviedo’s Medieval Sites

  • Wear Comfortable Shoes: Many of Oviedo’s medieval sites are best explored on foot, so be sure to wear comfortable shoes for walking on cobblestone streets and uneven terrain.
  • Visit Early: To avoid crowds, especially at popular sites like the Cathedral of San Salvador and Monte Naranco, try to visit early in the day.
  • Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour to gain deeper insights into the history and significance of Oviedo’s medieval sites.
  • Bring a Camera: Oviedo’s medieval architecture offers plenty of photo opportunities, so don’t forget to bring your camera to capture the beauty of these historic landmarks.

Conclusion

Oviedo’s medieval past is richly preserved in its stunning architecture, ancient churches, and historic sites. From the grandeur of the Cathedral of San Salvador to the serene beauty of San Miguel de Lillo, the city offers a fascinating journey through the history of the Kingdom of Asturias. Whether you’re a history buff or simply looking to explore the cultural heritage of this beautiful city, Oviedo’s medieval treasures are sure to leave a lasting impression.

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